| 1. |
Rudhart A, Purucker P, Kage A, Hopfenmuller W, Bernimoulin J.P. Local Metronidazole Application in Maintenance Patients. Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation. J Periodontol 1998. 69:1148-54. |
| 2. |
Stezel M, Flores-deJacoby L. Topical metronidazole application compared with sub gingival scaling (A clinical and microbiological study on recall patients). J Clin Periodontol 1996. 23:24-9 |
| 3. |
Awartini FA, Zulqarnain BJ. Comparison of the clinical effects of subgingival application of metronidazole 25% gel and scaling in the treatment of Adult Periodontitis. Quintessence Int 1998. 27:41-8. |
| 4. |
Thomas Er, Jorgen S. Local delivery of antimicrobial agents in the periodontal pocket in a systemic and topical antimicrobial therapy in periodontics. Periodontology 2000. 1996. 10:139-154. |
| 5. |
Palmer RM, Matthews JP, Wilson RF. Adjunctive system and locally delivered metronidazole in the treatment of periodontitis : a controlled clinical studdy. British Dental Journal 1998. 184:203-10. |
| 6. |
Greenstein G. Povidone-iodine's effects and role in the management of periodontal disease : a review. J Periodontol 1999; 70:1397-1405. |
| 7. |
Conover WJ. Pratical Nonparametric Statistic. Ed.ke-2 New York : John Wiley and Sons. 1980:229-232. |
| 8. |
Dawson-Saunders B and Trapp RG. Basic and Clinical Biostatistic. London : Prentice-Hall Int. 1990:124-134. |
| 9. |
Drisko CH. Non-surgical pocket therapy : Pharmacotherapeutics. Ann Periodontol 1996. /:491-566 |
| 10. |
Greenstein G. Non surgical periodontal therapy in 2000 : A literature review. J Am Dent Assoc 2000. 33:580-1592. |
| 11. |
Stezel M, Flores-deJacoby L. Topical metronidazole application compared with sub gingival scaling (A clinical and microbiological study on recall patients). J Clin Periodontol 1999. 23:24-9 |
| 12. |
Hitzig C, Charbit Y, Bitton C, et al. Topical metronidazole as an adjunct to subgingival debriment in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periondontol 1994. 21:146-51. |
| 13. |
Pedrazzoli V, Kilian M, Karring T. Comparable clinical and microbiological effects of topical subgingival application of a 25% metronidazole gel and scaling in the treatment of Adult Periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1992. 19:715-22. |
| 14. |
Ainamo J, Lie T, Ellingsen BH, et al. Clinical reponses to subgingival application of a metronidazole 25% gel compared to the effect of subgingival scaling in Adult Periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1992. 19:723-729. |
| 15. |
Ervina I. Efektivits skeling-penghalusan akar dengan dan tanpa aplikasi subgingival povidon-iodon 10% pada chronic adult periodontitis dengan poket 5-7mm. Evaluasi pendarahan gingiva dan kedalaman poket. Tesis Spesialis. Jakarta : FKG UI. 2002. |
| 16. |
Rosling BG, Slots J, Christensson LA, Grondahl HG and Genco RJ. Topical antimicrobial therapy and diagnosis of subgingival bacteria in the management of inflammatory periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1986. 13:975-81. |
| 17. |
Natalina. Efek irigasi larutan tetrasiklin HCl 10% local setelah skeling dan penghalusan akar terhadap perubahan klinis periodontitis kronis poket 4-6mm. Tesis Spesialis. Jakarta : FKG UI. 2002. |
| 18. |
Noyan U, Yilmaz S, Kuru B, Kadir T, Acar O, Buget E. A Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Systemic and local metronidazole delivery in Adult Periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1997. 24:158-65. |
| 19. |
Drisko CH. Non-surgical periodontal therapy. Periodontology 2000. 2001. 25:77-88. |
| 20. |
Lie T, Bruun G, Boe OE. Effect of topical metronidazole and tetracycline in treatment of Adult Periodontitis. J Periodontol 1998. 69:819-27. |
| 21. |
Rosling B, Hellstrom M-K, Ramberg P, Socransky SS, Lindhe J. The use of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periondontol 2001. 28:1023-31. |
